Mahatma Gandhi Biography | Know the complete biography of Mahatma Gandhi. The movements made by them. Important contribution in driving away the British from India.
mahatma gandhi biography
The complete introduction related to Bapu is mentioned here
( mahatma gandhi biography ) Mahatma Gandhi, who is called the father of the nation of India. His full name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He is known as “Mahatma Gandhi”. Later, he was addressed as Bapu. And Bapu was born on 2 October 1869 at a place called Porbandar in Gujarat. However, on this day, Non-Violence Day and Mahatma Gandhi Jayanti are celebrated.
His father’s name was Karamchand Gandhi and mother’s name was Putli Bai. Mahatma Gandhi was married at the age of only 13 years. His wife’s name was Kasturba Gandhi. Bapu had a total of 4 sons. Whose names were Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas, and Devdas. “Gopal Krishna Gokhale” is considered to be Mahatma Gandhi’s political guru. And for 25 years, “Mahadev Desai” was his personal secretary.
His disciple was “Mira Bain”. Whose real name was Madeleine Slade.
In Mahatma Gandhi Biography, Gandhiji went to South Africa in 1893 at the age of just 24. And on 9 January 1915, Bapu returned from Africa again. And this day, 9 January, is celebrated as Pravasi Bharatiya Divas. Bapu spent 21 years in South Africa.
However, Bapu went to jail a total of 13 times within 6 years and 5 months. Mahatma Gandhi went to jail for the first time in 1908 in South Africa. mahatma gandhi death date died on 30 January 1948 at 5:17 pm. This day is celebrated as (Martyrdom Day of Mahatma Gandhi, Martyr’s Day).
Nathuram Godse shot Bapu 3 times in front of Birla Bhawan, New Delhi. Today, Mahatma Gandhi’s Samadhi Sthal is built in Rajghat, New Delhi.
movements of mahatma gandhi history
In Mahatma Gandhi biography, he carried out many movements. And the main objective of all these movements was to free India from the British. All these movements are described below.
Amazing Swadeshi Movement in Mahatma Gandhi Biography
mahatma gandhi biography amazing Swadeshi movement. This movement was started on 7 August 1905. And the announcement of this movement was held in the Town Hall of Calcutta. And the main objective of this movement was to boycott foreign goods.
However, its leader was Bapuji. Along with him, Lala Lajpat Rai, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Rabindranath Tagore, Arvind Ghosh etc. were included as the main proclaimers of this movement.
Amazing Mahatma Gandhi in Hindi Champaran Satyagraha
This movement was started in 1917 in Champaran, Bihar. The main leader of this movement was Mahatma Gandhi. This movement was the first Satyagraha movement led by Bapuji. Bapu reached Champaran, Bihar in 1917 and did Satyagraha in support of those farmers who were forced to cultivate indigo and other cash crops instead of food grains.
ahmedabad labour movement by Mahatma Gandhi
This movement was carried out in the year 1918. The workers of a cotton textile industry in Ahmedabad went on strike for 21 days. However, this period is known as the Ahmedabad Mill Strike. Bapu also led the strike of mill workers in Ahmedabad. This is even considered to be Gandhiji’s first hunger strike movement.
Kheda Movement
Kheda Movement in Mahatma Gandhi Biography. The Kheda Movement took place in the Kheda district of Gujarat in 1918. This Kheda Movement (Satyagraha Movement) was against the tax collected on farmers by the British government. It is also known as the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Rowlatt Act (Black Law)
This movement was passed in February 1919. However, this movement was implemented on 8 March 1919. The main objective of this movement was to stop the atrocities being committed on the Indian people. In which Indian people were being imprisoned without any reason. This law was made through the recommendations of the Sedison Committee headed by Sir Sydney Rowlatt.
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Jallianwala Bagh massacre happened on 13th April 1919. During the Rowlatt Act (Black Law) movement, two nationalist leaders of India Saifudin Kichloo and Dr. Satyapal were arrested by British officials without any reason. During which, on the evening of 13th April 1919, a meeting was held in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, Punjab.
In which thousands of Indians were present. At the same time, police officer “General Dyer” declared this meeting unconstitutional. Due to which he ordered to open fire from the main door. During which more than thousands of Indians lost their lives. The Viceroy of India at that time was Chelmsford.
To investigate the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, the government formed an investigation committee. Which was named Hunter Commission. However, after this incident, Rabindranath Tagore renounced his title of Knighthood.
Khilafat Movement
This movement was carried out in 1919. To maintain the religious power of the Turkish Caliph. This movement was carried out by Muslims. The main leaders of this movement were Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali. Mahatma Gandhi also supported this movement. Mahatma Gandhi considered this movement suitable for Hindu Muslim unity. And expressed sympathy towards Muslims.
non cooperation movement
The non-cooperation movement was implemented on 1 August 1920 and ended on 12 February 1922. This movement was Gandhi’s first mass movement. The non-cooperation movement was proposed under the leadership of Congress and this proposal was passed in the Kolkata session on 4 December 1920. This session was presided over by Lala Lajpat Rai.
Important Non-cooperation Movement of Mahatma Gandhi Biography. The non-cooperation movement was conducted to demand Swaraj. The main objective of this movement was to create obstacles in the proceedings by not cooperating against the British government.
chora theft case
The Chora Chori incident took place on 4 February 1922 at Chora Chori in Gorakhpur district. At that time, Indian revolutionaries while being in the organization. A police station was set on fire. 22 police personnel were killed in the incident. Mahatma Gandhi, Bapu, who was strongly against violence. suspended the non-cooperation movement at the national level on 12 February 1922.
Kakori incident
This was a surprising incident in Mahatma Gandhi biography. Kakori incident happened on 9 August 1925. Revolutionaries of the Indian freedom struggle planned to wage a fierce war against the British Raj. In which there was a historic incident of looting the treasury of the British government to buy weapons. Under which the treasury was looted by robbing a train at a place called Kakori.
Many revolutionaries were arrested in this case. In which Rajendra Nath Lahiri, Pandit Rajendra Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan and Thakur Roshan Singh were sentenced to death.
Bardoli Satyagraha
Bardoli Satyagraha happened in 1928 in Mahatma Gandhi Biography. And the main leader of this movement was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. Bardoli Satyagraha took place in Gujarat in 1928 during the Indian freedom struggle. This was a major farmer movement. Which was led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. However, at that time the provincial government had increased the lagna of the farmers by 22%.
Salt Satyagraha
The Salt Satyagraha took place in 1930. This movement is also known as Dandi March. This movement was carried out against the salt law on 12 March 1930 by 78 members including Gandhiji from Sabarmati Ashram located near Ahmedabad. They travelled on foot for 24 days to Dandi village. On 6 April 1930, they broke the anti-salt law by taking salt in their hands. Due to this movement, the Civil Disobedience Movement was started.
Civil disobedience movement
According to Mahatma Gandhi biography, this movement started on 6 April 1930. This movement was started in 1930 under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. Which started with Gandhiji’s famous Dandi March. In 1931, the Civil Disobedience Movement was ended under a political agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and the then Viceroy Lord and.
Gandhi Irwin Pact
Gandhi Irwin Pact was signed on 5th March 1931. This pact was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin. This pact is also known as Delhi Pact. Many of Gandhi’s demands were accepted in this. Gandhi’s demand was that except those accused of violence, all other political prisoners will be released.
Amazing Gandhi Irwin Pact in Mahatma Gandhi Biography. Indians will be given the right to make salt on the seashore. Indians were now free to sit in dharna in front of liquor and foreign clothes shops. Those who resigned during this movement would be forced to leave.
Poona Pact
The Poona Pact was signed on 24 September 1932. The Poona Pact was signed between Bhimrao Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi. This pact was signed in Narmada Central Jail on 24 September 1932. During this pact, separate electorate for Dalits was abandoned. However, the number of seats reserved for Dalits was increased from 71 to 147 in provincial legislatures.
Quit India Movement
It was started on 8 August 1942. Quit India Movement was started on 8 August 1942 by the Second World War. The aim of this movement was to end the British Empire from India. This movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi. And it was started in the Mumbai session of the All India Congress Committee. During this time, Mahatma Gandhi gave the slogan of Do or Die.
Contribution of Mahatma Gandhi in freedom struggle
Apart from Mahatma Gandhi biography, the story of his amazing freedom struggle. Bapu saw many ups and downs in his life. Bapu had to struggle a lot for the independence of India. And he did many movements against the British for the independence of India. In which Mahatma Gandhi achieved success to a great extent. At the time of independence, people of every caste supported Mahatma Gandhi.
Even he awakened the feeling of unity among people of all classes. Which included people of all classes, young and old. And in that era, Bapu was getting the support of the entire countrymen.
However, Bapu was strictly against violence. In which Bapu is considered the leader of the moderate group. On the other hand, there were some people of the extremist group. Who are known as revolutionaries. In whom the feelings of independence were emerging for the country of India. At the time of independence, it was quite challenging to free India. However, many people also sacrificed their lives for the independence of the country. Then the country got independence.
Even after independence, the issue of Hindu Muslim erupted in India. Due to which Bapu had to divide the country. Which is known as Pakistan today. It used to be a part of India once. Due to which Mahatma Gandhi declared a separate nation for Muslim people. Most of the Muslims living in India were sent to Pakistan.
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